Supreme Court cases

1.Religion: Hosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church and School v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (2012):

This case was brought up due to federal discrimination. This organization thought it was being discriminated against because they weren't able to hire religious leaders due to some of their backgrounds. The Supreme Court heard this case and gave the church and school the right to be an equal opportunity employer.

2. Minority: Shelby County v. Holder (2013):

In a 5-4 decision authored by Chief Justice John Roberts, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down as unconstitutional a key provision of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that determines which jurisdictions have to preclear any voting changes with the federal government. The decision in Shelby County v. Holder effectively ended the use of Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act which requires any changes to voting rules in covered states and jurisdictions to be approved by the U.S. Justice Department before they can go into effect.

3. School System: Safford Unified School District v. Redding (2008):

Savana Redding, an eighth grader at Safford Middle School, was strip-searched by school officials on the basis of a tip by another student that Ms. Redding might have ibuprofen on her person in violation of school policy. Ms. Redding subsequently filed suit against the school district and the school officials responsible for the search in the District Court for the District of Arizona. She alleged her Fourth Amendment right to be free of unreasonable search and seizure was violated. The district court granted the defendants' motion for summary judgment and dismissed the case. On the initial appeal, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed. However, on rehearing before the entire court, the court of appeals held that Ms. Redding's Fourth Amendment right to be free of unreasonable search and seizure was violated. It reasoned that the strip search was not justified nor was the scope of intrusion reasonably related to the circumstances.